PERAN LITERASI KEUANGAN, SIKAP KEUANGAN, DAN TOLERANSI RISIKO KEUANGAN TERHADAP PERENCANAAN PENSIUN DIMODERASI SARAN PENASIHAT KEUANGAN

  • Dewi Muflihah Universitas Esa Unggul
  • Agus Munandar Universitas Esa Unggul

Abstract

Penelitian ini mengkaji peran literasi keuangan, sikap keuangan, dan toleransi risiko keuangan terhadap perencanaan pensiun, dengan saran penasihat keuangan sebagai variabel moderasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi bagaimana faktor-faktor tersebut mempengaruhi kesiapan individu dalam merencanakan pensiun, khususnya pada pekerja di Kabupaten Tangerang, Indonesia. Menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif, data dikumpulkan melalui survei online dari 200 responden, dan dianalisis menggunakan Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa literasi keuangan, sikap keuangan, dan toleransi risiko keuangan memiliki pengaruh positif yang signifikan terhadap perencanaan pensiun. Selain itu, saran penasihat keuangan terbukti memoderasi hubungan antara literasi keuangan, sikap keuangan, dan perencanaan pensiun. Penelitian ini menyoroti pentingnya peningkatan literasi keuangan dan sikap keuangan, terutama di kalangan individu usia produktif, untuk memastikan keamanan finansial di masa pensiun. Penelitian ini juga menekankan peran penting penasihat keuangan dalam membimbing individu untuk membuat keputusan perencanaan pensiun yang tepat. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi terhadap pemahaman perencanaan pensiun di Indonesia dan memberikan wawasan bagi lembaga keuangan, pembuat kebijakan, serta individu untuk meningkatkan kesiapan pensiun.

References

Abdurrahman, A., & Adi, D. (2024). The role of digital financial literacy on financial well-being with financial technology , financial confidence , financial behavior as intervening and sociodemography as moderation. 27(2), 191–220.
Adee, S., Lau, E., & Wong, S. (2024). Mediating factors in retirement savings and well-being: a focused study on Sarawak. Cogent Economics and Finance, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2024.2422217
Afthanorhan, A., Mamun, A. Al, Zainol, N. R., Foziah, H., & Awang, Z. (2020). Framing the retirement planning behavior model towards sustainable wellbeing among youth: The moderating effect of public profiles. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(21), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12218879
Ajzen, I., Madden, T. J., & Ellen, P. S. (1992). A Comparison of the Theory of Planned Behavior and the Theory of Reasoned Action. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 18(1), 3–9. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167292181001
Alhawamdeh, H., Al-Eitan, G. N., Naser Hamdan, M., Ali Mahmoud Al-Hayek, Y., Zraqat, O., Mohammad Alhawamdeh, A., Fuad Hussien, L., Professor, A., & Younis Alkhawaldeh, B. (2023). The Role Of Financial Risk Tolerance And Financial Advisor Management In Mediating The Relationship Between Financial Attitudes, Financial Knowledge, Financial Anxiety, And Sustainable Financial Retirement Planning. Journal of Namibian Studies, 34(June), 429–458. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2364-1500
Alkhawaja, S. O., & Albaity, M. (2022). Retirement saving behavior: evidence from UAE. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 13(2), 265–286. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-03-2020-0072
Ameer, R., & Khan, R. (2020). Financial Socialization, Financial Literacy, and Financial Behavior of Adults in New Zealand. Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning, 31(2), 313–329. https://doi.org/10.1891/JFCP-18-00042
Asfira, N., Rokhmawati, A., & Fathoni, A. F. (2019). Pengaruh Financial Literacy dan Investment Experience terhadap Risk Tolerance dan Investment Decision. Jurnal Ekonomi, 27(4), 340–352. http://je.ejournal.unri.ac.id/
Baker, G. (2016). Subjective Performance Measures in Optimal Incentive Contracts Author ( s ): George Baker , Robert Gibbons and Kevin J . Murphy Published by : Oxford University Press Stable URL : http://www.jstor.org/stable/2118358 Accessed : 18-05-2016 12 : 43 UTC Your. 109(4), 1125–1156.
BPS. (2022). Bonus Demografi dan Harapan Kedepannya. Jambi.Bps.Go.Id. https://jambi.bps.go.id/id/news/2022/08/17/261/bonus-demografi-dan-harapan-kedepannya.html%2520?utm_source=chatgpt.com
Caronge, E., Mediaty, M., Fattah, H., & Khaeril, K. (2020). Effects of Financial Attitudes, Financial Behavior, and Financial Literacy to Financial Satisfaction in Women Workers (Case Study of Female Lecturer at Andi Djemma Palopo University). https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.25-10-2019.2295387
Chen, B., & Chen, Z. (2023). Financial Literacy Confidence and Retirement Planning: Evidence from China. Risks, 11(2), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3390/risks11020046
Chettri, D. P., Mothey, A., & Chhetri, D. M. (2024). An Empirical Analysis Of Financial Literacy And Its Impact On Financial Wellbeing. Educational Administration Theory and Practices, September. https://doi.org/10.53555/kuey.v30i3.3661
Chin, W. W. (1998). The partial least squares approach to structural equation modelling. In Marcoulides G. A. (Ed.). Modern Methods for Business Research, 295(2), 295–336.
Clark, R., Lusardi, A. and Mitchell, O. S. (2014). The economic importance of financial literacy: theory and evidence. Journal of Economic Literature.
Clark, R., Lusardi, A., & Mitchell, O. S. (2017). Financial knowledge and 401 (k) investment performance: a case study. Journal of Pension Economics and Finance.
García Mata, O. (2021). The effect of financial literacy and gender on retirement planning among young adults. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 39(7), 1068–1090. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-10-2020-0518
Ghadwan, A., Wan Ahmad, W. M., & Hanifa, M. H. (2022). Financial Planning for Retirement: The Mediating Role of Culture. Risks, 10(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/risks10050104
Griffin, B., Loe, D., & Hesketh, B. (2012). Using Proactivity, Time Discounting, and the Theory of Planned Behavior to Identify Predictors of Retirement Planning. Educational Gerontology, 38(12), 877–889. https://doi.org/10.1080/03601277.2012.660857
Hair, J., & Alamer, A. (2022). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) in second language and education research: Guidelines using an applied example. Research Methods in Applied Linguistics, 1(3), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmal.2022.100027
Hair, J. F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. European Business Review, 31(1), 2–24. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-11-2018-0203
Harahap, S., Thoyib, A., Sumiati, S., & Djazuli, A. (2022). The Impact of Financial Literacy on Retirement Planning with Serial Mediation of Financial Risk Tolerance and Saving Behavior: Evidence of Medium Entrepreneurs in Indonesia. International Journal of Financial Studies, 10(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijfs10030066
Hermansson, C., & Jonsson, S. (2021). The impact of financial literacy and financial interest on risk tolerance. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, 29, 100450. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbef.2020.100450
Herrador-Alcaide, T. C., Hernández-Solís, M., & Topa, G. (2021). A model for personal financial planning towards retirement. Journal of Business Economics and Management, 22(2), 482–502. https://doi.org/10.3846/jbem.2020.13978
Hershey, D. A., & Mowen, J. C. (2000). Psychological determinants of financial preparedness for retirement. Gerontologist, 40(6), 687–697. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/40.6.687
Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6(1), 1–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118
Husna, F. M., Adrianto, F., & Rahim, R. (2023). Pengaruh Financial Literacy dan Karakteristik Individu terhadap Retirement Budget melalui Financial Risk Tolerance. Jurnal Informatika Ekonomi Bisnis, 5, 157–167. https://doi.org/10.37034/infeb.v5i1.216
Iskandarsyah, A., & Setyowibowo, H. (2020). Sikap terhadap Pensiun, Perencanaan Pensiun, dan Kualitas Hidup pada Karyawan dalam Masa Persiapan Pensiun. Journal of Psychological Science and Profession, 4(1), 23. https://doi.org/10.24198/jpsp.v4i1.25106
Jonathan, I., & Bertuah, E. (2025). Predicting Financial Well-Being in Millennial Workers : A Test of the Theory of Planned Behavior and the Role of Financial Literacy. 0, 97–114.
Juwita, R. (2024). The Determinants of Saving Behaviour for Retirement Preparation for the Millennial Generation. In Global Business and Management Research (Vol. 16, Issue 2s).
Kadir, J. M. A., Zainon, S., Ismail, R. F., Aziz, S. N. A., & Amran, A. A. I. (2020). Retirement Planning and its Impact on Working Individuals. European Journal of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, 7(6), 1550–1559.
Kahneman, D., & Tversky, A. (1979). Prospect Theory: An Analysis of Decision under Risk. Экономика Региона, 47(2), 32.
Kim, J., Gutter, M. S., & Spangler, T. (2017). Review of family financial decision making: Suggestions for future research and implications for financial education. Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning, 28(2), 253–267. https://doi.org/10.1891/1052-3073.28.2.253
Kimiyagahlam, F., Safari, M., & Mansori, S. (2019). Influential Behavioral Factors on Retirement Planning Behavior: The Case of Malaysia. Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning, 30(2), 244–261. https://doi.org/10.1891/1052-3073.30.2.244
Klapper, L., Lusardi, A., & Panos, G. A. (2013). Financial literacy and its consequences: evidence from Russia during the financial crisis. Journal of Banking and Finance.
Linda Evelina Larisa, A. N. and S. W. (2020). Female workers’ readiness for retirement planning: an evidence from Indonesia. Review of Behavioral Finance.
Liu, C., Bai, X., & Knapp, M. (2022). Multidimensional Retirement Planning Behaviors, Retirement Confidence, and Post-Retirement Health and Well-Being Among Chinese Older Adults in Hong Kong. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 17(2), 833–849. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11482-020-09901-7
Lohmöller, J.-B. (1990). Latent Variable Path Modeling with Partial Least Squares. Physica-Verlag Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-52512-4
Manulife. (2023). Survei Manulife: Responden Indonesia Melihat Pentingnya Perencanaan Masa Pensiun, Namun Hampir Separuh Belum Memilikinya. April, 1–3.
Morris, T., Kamano, L., & Maillet, S. (2023). Understanding financial professionals’ perceptions of their clients’ financial behaviors. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 41(7), 1585–1610. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-07-2022-0298
Mustafa, W. M. W., Islam, M. A., Asyraf, M., Hassan, M. S., Royhan, P., & Rahman, S. (2023). The Effects of Financial Attitudes, Financial Literacy and Health Literacy on Sustainable Financial Retirement Planning: The Moderating Role of the Financial Advisor. Sustainability (Switzerland), 15(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/su15032677
Natalia, T. (2024). Nasib Lansia di RI Miris: Kerja Bagai Kuda, Hidup Miskin & Upah Minim. CNBC Indonesia. https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/research/20240604134223-128-543707/nasib-lansia-di-ri-miris-kerja-bagai-kuda-hidup-miskin-upah-minim#:~:text=Persentase Lansia di Rumah Tangga&text=Hasil Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional,di bawah 10%25 pada 2024.
OJK. (2024). Survei Nasional Literasi dan Inklusi Keuangan (SNLIK). 6.
Opoku, O. A., Anak, J. A., Yambor, M. J., & Opoku Agyemang, O. (2021). Financial Literacy and Retirement Planning of Senior High School Teachers in Takoradi. Article in International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management, October. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5582439
Park, H., & Martin, W. (2022). Effects of risk tolerance, financial literacy, and financial status on retirement planning. Journal of Financial Services Marketing, 27(3), 167–176. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41264-021-00123-y
Rahman, E. D. I. (2018). Pengaruh Orientasi Masa Depan dan Sikap Keuangan Terhadap Perilaku Perencanaan Dana Pensiun dengan Pengetahuan Keuangan sebagai Variabel Moderasi. Nucleic Acids Research, 6(1), 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gde.2016.09.008%0Ahttp://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00412-015-0543-8%0Ahttp://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature08473%0Ahttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2009.01.007%0Ahttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2012.10.008%0Ahttp://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s4159
Rani, S., & Goyal, N. (2021). Gender Gap in Financial Literacy: Literature Review. Journal of Tianjin University of Science and Technology, 54(08), 339–354. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/SF8MA
Rasool, N., & Ullah, S. (2020). Financial literacy and behavioural biases of individual investors: empirical evidence of Pakistan stock exchange. Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Science, 25(50), 261–278. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEFAS-03-2019-0031
Rukmana, R., & Munandar, A. (2024). Pengaruh Literasi Keuangan, Perencanaan Keuangan Dan Orientasi Masa Depan Terhadap Pengambilan Keputusan Konsumsi. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, Ekonomi, & Akuntansi (MEA), 8(1), 1899–1916. https://doi.org/10.31955/mea.v8i1.3824
Rupeika-Apoga, R., & Priede, J. (2025). Retirement Readiness in the Baltics: The Roles of Financial Literacy, Product Ownership, and Advisory Confidence. Risks, 13(2), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.3390/risks13020030
Safari, K., Njoka, C., & Munkwa, M. G. (2021). Financial literacy and personal retirement planning: a socioeconomic approach. Journal of Business and Socio-Economic Development, 1(2), 121–134. https://doi.org/10.1108/jbsed-04-2021-0052
Schumaker, R. E., & Whittaker, T. A. (2022). A beginner ’ s Guide to Structural Equation Modeling (Vol. 6, Issue July).
Shreevastava, R., Studies, M., Studies, M., & Shreevastava, R. (2020). IMPACT OF DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLE OF RETIREMENT. 17(6), 9452–9460.
Sitorus, R. R., Tambun, S., & Cahyati, E. (2022). Pengaruh Literasi Keuangan dan Kecerdasan Intelectual Terhadap Perencanaan Keuangan Dengan Kecerdasan Emosional Sebagai Pemoderasi. J-CEKI : Jurnal Cendekia Ilmiah, 1(2), 57–65. https://doi.org/10.56799/jceki.v1i2.123
Song, C. L., Pan, D., Ayub, A., & Cai, B. (2023). The Interplay Between Financial Literacy, Financial Risk Tolerance, and Financial Behaviour: The Moderator Effect of Emotional Intelligence. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 16, 535–548. https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S398450
Statistik, B. P. (2023). Indikator Kesejahteraan (Vol. 10).
Susan, M., Winarto, J., & Gunawan, I. (2024). Financial Inclusion: The Impact of Financial Literacy. Review of Integrative Business and Economics Research, 13(3), 464–471.
Tabita, J., & Marlina, M. A. E. (2023). Pengaruh Financial Literacy Dan Financial Attitude Terhadap Perilaku Perencanaan Keuangan Masa Pensiun Pada Generasi Sandwich Di Surabaya. Media Akuntansi Dan Perpajakan Indonesia, 5(1), 39–56. https://doi.org/10.37715/mapi.v5i1.4165
Tomar, S., Kent Baker, H., Kumar, S., & Hoffmann, A. O. I. (2021). Psychological determinants of retirement financial planning behavior. Journal of Business Research, 133, 432–449. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.05.007
Weiss, Y. (2015). Gary Becker on Human Capital. Journal of Demographic Economics, 81(1), 27–31. https://doi.org/10.1017/dem.2014.4
Published
2025-10-25
How to Cite
Muflihah, D., & Munandar, A. (2025). PERAN LITERASI KEUANGAN, SIKAP KEUANGAN, DAN TOLERANSI RISIKO KEUANGAN TERHADAP PERENCANAAN PENSIUN DIMODERASI SARAN PENASIHAT KEUANGAN. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, Ekonomi, & Akuntansi (MEA), 9(3), 1362-1386. https://doi.org/10.31955/mea.v9i3.6406
Section
Articles